Add support for GraphQL Schema Language (#676)

Co-authored-by: Alexander Lyon <arlyon@me.com>

README.md

@@ -48,14 +48,15 @@ see the [actix][actix_examples], [hyper][hyper_examples], [rocket][rocket_exampl
 
 Juniper supports the full GraphQL query language according to the
 [specification][graphql_spec], including interfaces, unions, schema
-introspection, and validations.
+introspection, and validations. It can also output the schema in the [GraphQL Schema Language][schema_language].
-It does not, however, support the schema language. Consider using [juniper-from-schema][] for generating code from a schema file.
 
 As an exception to other GraphQL libraries for other languages, Juniper builds
 non-null types by default. A field of type `Vec<Episode>` will be converted into
 `[Episode!]!`. The corresponding Rust type for e.g. `[Episode]` would be
 `Option<Vec<Option<Episode>>>`.
 
+Juniper follows a [code-first approach][schema_approach] to defining GraphQL schemas. If you would like to use a [schema-first approach][schema_approach] instead, consider [juniper-from-schema][] for generating code from a schema file.
+
 ## Integrations
 
 ### Data types
@@ -91,6 +92,8 @@ Juniper has not reached 1.0 yet, thus some API instability should be expected.
 [playground]: https://github.com/prisma/graphql-playground
 [iron]: http://ironframework.io
 [graphql_spec]: http://facebook.github.io/graphql
+[schema_language]: https://graphql.org/learn/schema/#type-language
+[schema_approach]: https://blog.logrocket.com/code-first-vs-schema-first-development-graphql/
 [test_schema_rs]: https://github.com/graphql-rust/juniper/blob/master/juniper/src/tests/schema.rs
 [tokio]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio
 [actix_examples]: https://github.com/graphql-rust/juniper/tree/master/juniper_actix/examples

docs/book/content/quickstart.md

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 This page will give you a short introduction to the concepts in Juniper.
 
+Juniper follows a [code-first approach][schema_approach] to defining GraphQL schemas. If you would like to use a [schema-first approach][schema_approach] instead, consider [juniper-from-schema][] for generating code from a schema file.
+
 ## Installation
 
 !FILENAME Cargo.toml
@@ -193,6 +195,8 @@ fn main() {
 }
 ```
 
+[juniper-from-schema]: https://github.com/davidpdrsn/juniper-from-schema
+[schema_approach]: https://blog.logrocket.com/code-first-vs-schema-first-development-graphql/
 [hyper]: servers/hyper.md
 [warp]: servers/warp.md
 [rocket]: servers/rocket.md

docs/book/content/schema/schemas_and_mutations.md

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # Schemas
 
+Juniper follows a [code-first approach][schema_approach] to defining GraphQL schemas. If you would like to use a [schema-first approach][schema_approach] instead, consider [juniper-from-schema][] for generating code from a schema file.
+
 A schema consists of three types: a query object, a mutation object, and a subscription object.
 These three define the root query fields, mutations and subscriptions of the schema, respectively.
 
@@ -60,6 +62,55 @@ impl Mutations {
 # fn main() { }
 ```
 
+# Outputting schemas in the [GraphQL Schema Language][schema_language]
+
+Many tools in the GraphQL ecosystem require the schema to be defined in the [GraphQL Schema Language][schema_language]. You can generate a [GraphQL Schema Language][schema_language] representation of your schema defined in Rust using the `schema-language` feature (on by default):
+
+```rust
+# // Only needed due to 2018 edition because the macro is not accessible.
+# #[macro_use] extern crate juniper;
+use juniper::{FieldResult, EmptyMutation, EmptySubscription, RootNode};
+
+struct Query;
+
+#[juniper::graphql_object]
+impl Query {
+    fn hello(&self) -> FieldResult<&str> {
+        Ok("hello world")
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Define our schema in Rust.
+    let schema = RootNode::new(
+        Query,
+        EmptyMutation::<()>::new(),
+        EmptySubscription::<()>::new(),
+    );
+
+    // Convert the Rust schema into the GraphQL Schema Language.
+    let result = schema.as_schema_language();
+
+    let expected = "\
+type Query {
+  hello: String!
+}
+
+schema {
+  query: Query
+}
+";
+    assert_eq!(result, expected);
+}
+```
+
+Note the `schema-language` feature may be turned off if you do not need this functionality to reduce dependencies and speed up
+compile times.
+
+
+[schema_language]: https://graphql.org/learn/schema/#type-language
+[juniper-from-schema]: https://github.com/davidpdrsn/juniper-from-schema
+[schema_approach]: https://blog.logrocket.com/code-first-vs-schema-first-development-graphql/
 [section]: ../advanced/subscriptions.md
 [EmptyMutation]: https://docs.rs/juniper/0.14.2/juniper/struct.EmptyMutation.html
 <!--TODO: Fix This URL when the EmptySubscription become available in the Documentation  -->

juniper/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 
 ## Features
 
+- Added support for outputting the Rust schema in the [GraphQL Schema Language](https://graphql.org/learn/schema/#type-language). ([#676](https://github.com/graphql-rust/juniper/pull/676))
+  - This is controlled by the `schema-language` feature and is on by default. It may be turned off if you do not need this functionality to reduce dependencies and speed up compile times.
+
 - Normalization for the subscriptions_endpoint_url in the `graphiql_source`.
 (See [#628](https://github.com/graphql-rust/juniper/pull/628) for more details)
   

juniper/Cargo.toml

@@ -25,11 +25,14 @@ path = "benches/bench.rs"
 
 [features]
 expose-test-schema = ["serde_json"]
+schema-language = ["graphql-parser-integration"]
+graphql-parser-integration = ["graphql-parser"]
 default = [
     "bson",
     "chrono",
     "url",
     "uuid",
+    "schema-language",
 ]
 scalar-naivetime = []
 
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@ serde_json = { version="1.0.2", optional = true }
 static_assertions = "1.1"
 url = { version = "2", optional = true }
 uuid = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
+graphql-parser = {version = "0.3.0", optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 bencher = "0.1.2"

juniper/src/schema/meta.rs

@@ -169,6 +169,14 @@ pub struct Field<'a, S> {
     pub deprecation_status: DeprecationStatus,
 }
 
+impl<'a, S> Field<'a, S> {
+    /// Returns true if the type is built-in to GraphQL.
+    pub fn is_builtin(&self) -> bool {
+        // "used exclusively by GraphQL’s introspection system"
+        self.name.starts_with("__")
+    }
+}
+
 /// Metadata for an argument to a field
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Argument<'a, S> {
@@ -182,6 +190,14 @@ pub struct Argument<'a, S> {
     pub default_value: Option<InputValue<S>>,
 }
 
+impl<'a, S> Argument<'a, S> {
+    /// Returns true if the type is built-in to GraphQL.
+    pub fn is_builtin(&self) -> bool {
+        // "used exclusively by GraphQL’s introspection system"
+        self.name.starts_with("__")
+    }
+}
+
 /// Metadata for a single value in an enum
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct EnumValue {
@@ -368,6 +384,22 @@ impl<'a, S> MetaType<'a, S> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Returns true if the type is built-in to GraphQL.
+    pub fn is_builtin(&self) -> bool {
+        if let Some(name) = self.name() {
+            // "used exclusively by GraphQL’s introspection system"
+            {
+                name.starts_with("__") ||
+            // <https://facebook.github.io/graphql/draft/#sec-Scalars>
+            name == "Boolean" || name == "String" || name == "Int" || name == "Float" || name == "ID" ||
+            // Our custom empty markers
+            name == "_EmptyMutation" || name == "_EmptySubscription"
+            }
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn fields<'b>(&self, schema: &'b SchemaType<S>) -> Option<Vec<&'b Field<'b, S>>> {
         schema
             .lookup_type(&self.as_type())

juniper/src/schema/mod.rs

@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@
 pub mod meta;
 pub mod model;
 pub mod schema;
+pub mod translate;

juniper/src/schema/model.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 use std::fmt;
 
 use fnv::FnvHashMap;
+#[cfg(feature = "graphql-parser-integration")]
+use graphql_parser::schema::Document;
 
 use juniper_codegen::GraphQLEnumInternal as GraphQLEnum;
 
@@ -12,6 +14,9 @@ use crate::{
     value::{DefaultScalarValue, ScalarValue},
 };
 
+#[cfg(feature = "graphql-parser-integration")]
+use crate::schema::translate::{graphql_parser::GraphQLParserTranslator, SchemaTranslator};
+
 /// Root query node of a schema
 ///
 /// This brings the mutation, subscription and query types together,
@@ -46,9 +51,9 @@ pub struct RootNode<
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct SchemaType<'a, S> {
     pub(crate) types: FnvHashMap<Name, MetaType<'a, S>>,
-    query_type_name: String,
+    pub(crate) query_type_name: String,
-    mutation_type_name: Option<String>,
+    pub(crate) mutation_type_name: Option<String>,
-    subscription_type_name: Option<String>,
+    pub(crate) subscription_type_name: Option<String>,
     directives: FnvHashMap<String, DirectiveType<'a, S>>,
 }
 
@@ -102,6 +107,22 @@ where
     ) -> Self {
         RootNode::new_with_info(query_obj, mutation_obj, subscription_obj, (), (), ())
     }
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "schema-language")]
+    /// The schema definition as a `String` in the
+    /// [GraphQL Schema Language](https://graphql.org/learn/schema/#type-language)
+    /// format.
+    pub fn as_schema_language(&self) -> String {
+        let doc = self.as_parser_document();
+        format!("{}", doc)
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "graphql-parser-integration")]
+    /// The schema definition as a [`graphql_parser`](https://crates.io/crates/graphql-parser)
+    /// [`Document`](https://docs.rs/graphql-parser/latest/graphql_parser/schema/struct.Document.html).
+    pub fn as_parser_document(&'a self) -> Document<'a, &'a str> {
+        GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_schema(&self.schema)
+    }
 }
 
 impl<'a, S, QueryT, MutationT, SubscriptionT> RootNode<'a, QueryT, MutationT, SubscriptionT, S>
@@ -534,3 +555,157 @@ impl<'a, S> fmt::Display for TypeType<'a, S> {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "graphql-parser-integration")]
+    mod graphql_parser_integration {
+        use crate as juniper;
+        use crate::{EmptyMutation, EmptySubscription};
+
+        #[test]
+        fn graphql_parser_doc() {
+            struct Query;
+            #[juniper::graphql_object]
+            impl Query {
+                fn blah() -> bool {
+                    true
+                }
+            };
+            let schema = crate::RootNode::new(
+                Query,
+                EmptyMutation::<()>::new(),
+                EmptySubscription::<()>::new(),
+            );
+            let ast = graphql_parser::parse_schema::<&str>(
+                r#"
+                type Query {
+                  blah: Boolean!
+                }
+
+                schema {
+                  query: Query
+                }
+            "#,
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(
+                format!("{}", ast),
+                format!("{}", schema.as_parser_document()),
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "schema-language")]
+    mod schema_language {
+        use crate as juniper;
+        use crate::{
+            EmptyMutation, EmptySubscription, GraphQLEnum, GraphQLInputObject, GraphQLObject,
+            GraphQLUnionInternal as GraphQLUnion,
+        };
+
+        #[test]
+        fn schema_language() {
+            #[derive(GraphQLObject, Default)]
+            struct Cake {
+                fresh: bool,
+            };
+            #[derive(GraphQLObject, Default)]
+            struct IceCream {
+                cold: bool,
+            };
+            #[derive(GraphQLUnion)]
+            enum GlutenFree {
+                Cake(Cake),
+                IceCream(IceCream),
+            }
+            #[derive(GraphQLEnum)]
+            enum Fruit {
+                Apple,
+                Orange,
+            }
+            #[derive(GraphQLInputObject)]
+            struct Coordinate {
+                latitude: f64,
+                longitude: f64,
+            }
+            struct Query;
+            #[juniper::graphql_object]
+            impl Query {
+                fn blah() -> bool {
+                    true
+                }
+                /// This is whatever's description.
+                fn whatever() -> String {
+                    "foo".to_string()
+                }
+                fn arr(stuff: Vec<Coordinate>) -> Option<&str> {
+                    if stuff.is_empty() {
+                        None
+                    } else {
+                        Some("stuff")
+                    }
+                }
+                fn fruit() -> Fruit {
+                    Fruit::Apple
+                }
+                fn gluten_free(flavor: String) -> GlutenFree {
+                    if flavor == "savory" {
+                        GlutenFree::Cake(Cake::default())
+                    } else {
+                        GlutenFree::IceCream(IceCream::default())
+                    }
+                }
+                #[deprecated]
+                fn old() -> i32 {
+                    42
+                }
+                #[deprecated(note = "This field is deprecated, use another.")]
+                fn really_old() -> f64 {
+                    42.0
+                }
+            };
+
+            let schema = crate::RootNode::new(
+                Query,
+                EmptyMutation::<()>::new(),
+                EmptySubscription::<()>::new(),
+            );
+            let ast = graphql_parser::parse_schema::<&str>(
+                r#"
+                union GlutenFree = Cake | IceCream
+                enum Fruit {
+                    APPLE
+                    ORANGE
+                }
+                type Cake {
+                    fresh: Boolean!
+                }
+                type IceCream {
+                    cold: Boolean!
+                }
+                type Query {
+                  blah: Boolean!
+                  "This is whatever's description."
+                  whatever: String!
+                  arr(stuff: [Coordinate!]!): String
+                  fruit: Fruit!
+                  glutenFree(flavor: String!): GlutenFree!
+                  old: Int! @deprecated
+                  reallyOld: Float! @deprecated(reason: "This field is deprecated, use another.")
+                }
+                input Coordinate {
+                    latitude: Float!
+                    longitude: Float!
+                }
+                schema {
+                  query: Query
+                }
+            "#,
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(format!("{}", ast), schema.as_schema_language());
+        }
+    }
+}

juniper/src/schema/translate/graphql_parser.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+use std::boxed::Box;
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+use graphql_parser::query::{
+    Directive as ExternalDirective, Number as ExternalNumber, Type as ExternalType,
+};
+use graphql_parser::schema::{Definition, Document, SchemaDefinition, Text};
+use graphql_parser::schema::{
+    EnumType as ExternalEnum, EnumValue as ExternalEnumValue, Field as ExternalField,
+    InputObjectType as ExternalInputObjectType, InputValue as ExternalInputValue,
+    InterfaceType as ExternalInterfaceType, ObjectType as ExternalObjectType,
+    ScalarType as ExternalScalarType, TypeDefinition as ExternalTypeDefinition,
+    UnionType as ExternalUnionType, Value as ExternalValue,
+};
+use graphql_parser::Pos;
+
+use crate::ast::{InputValue, Type};
+use crate::schema::meta::DeprecationStatus;
+use crate::schema::meta::{Argument, EnumValue, Field, MetaType};
+use crate::schema::model::SchemaType;
+use crate::schema::translate::SchemaTranslator;
+use crate::value::ScalarValue;
+
+pub struct GraphQLParserTranslator;
+
+impl<'a, S: 'a, T> From<&'a SchemaType<'a, S>> for Document<'a, T>
+where
+    S: ScalarValue,
+    T: Text<'a> + Default,
+{
+    fn from(input: &'a SchemaType<'a, S>) -> Document<'a, T> {
+        GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_schema(input)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, T> SchemaTranslator<'a, graphql_parser::schema::Document<'a, T>>
+    for GraphQLParserTranslator
+where
+    T: Text<'a> + Default,
+{
+    fn translate_schema<S: 'a>(input: &'a SchemaType<S>) -> graphql_parser::schema::Document<'a, T>
+    where
+        S: ScalarValue,
+    {
+        let mut doc = Document::default();
+
+        // Translate type defs.
+        let mut types = input
+            .types
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(_, meta)| !meta.is_builtin())
+            .map(|(_, meta)| GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_meta(meta))
+            .map(Definition::TypeDefinition)
+            .collect();
+        doc.definitions.append(&mut types);
+
+        doc.definitions
+            .push(Definition::SchemaDefinition(SchemaDefinition {
+                position: Pos::default(),
+                directives: vec![],
+                query: Some(From::from(input.query_type_name.as_str())),
+                mutation: input
+                    .mutation_type_name
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+                subscription: input
+                    .subscription_type_name
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+            }));
+
+        doc
+    }
+}
+
+impl GraphQLParserTranslator {
+    fn translate_argument<'a, S, T>(input: &'a Argument<S>) -> ExternalInputValue<'a, T>
+    where
+        S: ScalarValue,
+        T: Text<'a>,
+    {
+        ExternalInputValue {
+            position: Pos::default(),
+            description: input.description.as_ref().map(From::from),
+            name: From::from(input.name.as_str()),
+            value_type: GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_type(&input.arg_type),
+            default_value: input
+                .default_value
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|x| GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_value(x)),
+            directives: vec![],
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn translate_value<'a, S: 'a, T>(input: &'a InputValue<S>) -> ExternalValue<'a, T>
+    where
+        S: ScalarValue,
+        T: Text<'a>,
+    {
+        match input {
+            InputValue::Null => ExternalValue::Null,
+            InputValue::Scalar(x) => {
+                if let Some(v) = x.as_string() {
+                    ExternalValue::String(v)
+                } else if let Some(v) = x.as_int() {
+                    ExternalValue::Int(ExternalNumber::from(v))
+                } else if let Some(v) = x.as_float() {
+                    ExternalValue::Float(v)
+                } else if let Some(v) = x.as_boolean() {
+                    ExternalValue::Boolean(v)
+                } else {
+                    panic!("unknown argument type")
+                }
+            }
+            InputValue::Enum(x) => ExternalValue::Enum(From::from(x.as_str())),
+            InputValue::Variable(x) => ExternalValue::Variable(From::from(x.as_str())),
+            InputValue::List(x) => ExternalValue::List(
+                x.iter()
+                    .map(|s| GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_value(&s.item))
+                    .collect(),
+            ),
+            InputValue::Object(x) => {
+                let mut fields = BTreeMap::new();
+                x.iter().for_each(|(name_span, value_span)| {
+                    fields.insert(
+                        From::from(name_span.item.as_str()),
+                        GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_value(&value_span.item),
+                    );
+                });
+                ExternalValue::Object(fields)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn translate_type<'a, T>(input: &'a Type<'a>) -> ExternalType<'a, T>
+    where
+        T: Text<'a>,
+    {
+        match input {
+            Type::Named(x) => ExternalType::NamedType(From::from(x.as_ref())),
+            Type::List(x) => {
+                ExternalType::ListType(GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_type(x).into())
+            }
+            Type::NonNullNamed(x) => {
+                ExternalType::NonNullType(Box::new(ExternalType::NamedType(From::from(x.as_ref()))))
+            }
+            Type::NonNullList(x) => ExternalType::NonNullType(Box::new(ExternalType::ListType(
+                Box::new(GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_type(x)),
+            ))),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn translate_meta<'a, S, T>(input: &'a MetaType<S>) -> ExternalTypeDefinition<'a, T>
+    where
+        S: ScalarValue,
+        T: Text<'a>,
+    {
+        match input {
+            MetaType::Scalar(x) => ExternalTypeDefinition::Scalar(ExternalScalarType {
+                position: Pos::default(),
+                description: x.description.as_ref().map(From::from),
+                name: From::from(x.name.as_ref()),
+                directives: vec![],
+            }),
+            MetaType::Enum(x) => ExternalTypeDefinition::Enum(ExternalEnum {
+                position: Pos::default(),
+                description: x.description.as_ref().map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+                name: From::from(x.name.as_ref()),
+                directives: vec![],
+                values: x
+                    .values
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_enum_value)
+                    .collect(),
+            }),
+            MetaType::Union(x) => ExternalTypeDefinition::Union(ExternalUnionType {
+                position: Pos::default(),
+                description: x.description.as_ref().map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+                name: From::from(x.name.as_ref()),
+                directives: vec![],
+                types: x
+                    .of_type_names
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|s| From::from(s.as_str()))
+                    .collect(),
+            }),
+            MetaType::Interface(x) => ExternalTypeDefinition::Interface(ExternalInterfaceType {
+                position: Pos::default(),
+                description: x.description.as_ref().map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+                name: From::from(x.name.as_ref()),
+                directives: vec![],
+                fields: x
+                    .fields
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|x| !x.is_builtin())
+                    .map(GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_field)
+                    .collect(),
+            }),
+            MetaType::InputObject(x) => {
+                ExternalTypeDefinition::InputObject(ExternalInputObjectType {
+                    position: Pos::default(),
+                    description: x.description.as_ref().map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+                    name: From::from(x.name.as_ref()),
+                    directives: vec![],
+                    fields: x
+                        .input_fields
+                        .iter()
+                        .filter(|x| !x.is_builtin())
+                        .map(GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_argument)
+                        .collect(),
+                })
+            }
+            MetaType::Object(x) => ExternalTypeDefinition::Object(ExternalObjectType {
+                position: Pos::default(),
+                description: x.description.as_ref().map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+                name: From::from(x.name.as_ref()),
+                directives: vec![],
+                fields: x
+                    .fields
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|x| !x.is_builtin())
+                    .map(GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_field)
+                    .collect(),
+                implements_interfaces: x
+                    .interface_names
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|s| From::from(s.as_str()))
+                    .collect(),
+            }),
+            _ => panic!("unknown meta type when translating"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn translate_enum_value<'a, T>(input: &'a EnumValue) -> ExternalEnumValue<'a, T>
+    where
+        T: Text<'a>,
+    {
+        ExternalEnumValue {
+            position: Pos::default(),
+            name: From::from(input.name.as_ref()),
+            description: input.description.as_ref().map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+            directives: generate_directives(&input.deprecation_status),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn translate_field<'a, S: 'a, T>(input: &'a Field<S>) -> ExternalField<'a, T>
+    where
+        S: ScalarValue,
+        T: Text<'a>,
+    {
+        let arguments = input
+            .arguments
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|a| {
+                a.iter()
+                    .filter(|x| !x.is_builtin())
+                    .map(|x| GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_argument(&x))
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| Vec::new());
+
+        ExternalField {
+            position: Pos::default(),
+            name: From::from(input.name.as_str()),
+            description: input.description.as_ref().map(|s| From::from(s.as_str())),
+            directives: generate_directives(&input.deprecation_status),
+            field_type: GraphQLParserTranslator::translate_type(&input.field_type),
+            arguments,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn deprecation_to_directive<'a, T>(status: &DeprecationStatus) -> Option<ExternalDirective<'a, T>>
+where
+    T: Text<'a>,
+{
+    match status {
+        DeprecationStatus::Current => None,
+        DeprecationStatus::Deprecated(reason) => Some(ExternalDirective {
+            position: Pos::default(),
+            name: From::from("deprecated"),
+            arguments: if let Some(reason) = reason {
+                vec![(
+                    From::from("reason"),
+                    ExternalValue::String(reason.to_string()),
+                )]
+            } else {
+                vec![]
+            },
+        }),
+    }
+}
+
+// Right now the only directive supported is `@deprecated`. `@skip` and `@include`
+// are dealt with elsewhere.
+// <https://facebook.github.io/graphql/draft/#sec-Type-System.Directives>
+fn generate_directives<'a, T>(status: &DeprecationStatus) -> Vec<ExternalDirective<'a, T>>
+where
+    T: Text<'a>,
+{
+    if let Some(d) = deprecation_to_directive(&status) {
+        vec![d]
+    } else {
+        vec![]
+    }
+}

juniper/src/schema/translate/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+use crate::{ScalarValue, SchemaType};
+
+pub trait SchemaTranslator<'a, T> {
+    fn translate_schema<S: 'a + ScalarValue>(s: &'a SchemaType<S>) -> T;
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "graphql-parser-integration")]
+pub mod graphql_parser;